Paediatric dermatology in Tunisia: common diagnoses

Up to 30% of paediatric primary care visits include a skin-related problem. In an overview session, Dr Nejib Doss (Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia) took the audience through the most commonly diagnosed skin disorders in Tunisian children [1].

Molluscum contagiosum: a common, mild, viral skin disease that causes small pink or skin-coloured bumps. Most of the time it is self-limiting, but a doctor can prescribe a cream or remove the bumps by scraping or freezing.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis: a parasitic disease that causes chronic, often ulcerated, skin lesions. It is a major public health problem in Tunisia, and diagnosis is relatively easy for dermatologists who are familiar with the disease. Although spontaneous healing might occur, treatment options include azithromycin, metronidazole, and liquid nitrogen.

Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: a number of inherited skin disorder that causes blisters even after the mildest trauma. They are genetic diseases with a high medical and social burden. Many patients with mild forms require little or no treatment. However, patients with severe forms require daily intense care focused on blister treatment, preventing infection, and promoting wound healing.

Systemic lupus erythematosus: an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation and damage to the skin and eventually organs. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent major organ damage. Survival has improved dramatically due to the introduction of steroids and immunosuppressives.

Annular pustular psoriasis: a rare, severe form of psoriasis characterised by widespread lesions. It can present with acute or subacute symptoms. In some patients, topical therapy may help, although severe cases should be treated with systematic therapy.

Onychomadesis: a spontaneous, complete detachment of the nail plate from its proximal end. It can affect both hands and feet and can be a complication after hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

Dr Doss concluded that some paediatric skin conditions are hard to diagnose and treat in Tunisia. Rare diseases should be included in a differential diagnosis of many common diseases.

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   1. Doss N, et al. Paediatric Dermatology. Across the Board Session, ICD 2021, 10–13 November.

 

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Posted on 2 December 202117 May 2024