In this preclinical study, the SCVXBB vaccine was assessed in rodent models (efficacy in mice; safety in mice and hamsters). Humoral and cellular immune responses were measured following immunisation and viral COVID-19 challenge, while vaccine stability was tested after lyophilisation and storage at different temperatures.
No signs of weight loss were observed after vaccination, and neither viral replication nor neural penetration was detected. Efficacy testing following SARS-CoV-2 challenge showed significantly higher intranasal neutralisation antibody titres compared with an mRNA XBB1.5 vaccine. Protection was also observed against horizontal transmission to vaccine-naïve co-housed animals. Thermal stability testing demonstrated that the lyophilised vaccine was stable for up to 3 months at 4 °C and 3 weeks at 20 °C.
The authors concluded that SCVXBB demonstrated a favourable safety and efficacy profile in preclinical studies, with efficacy exceeding that of currently approved bivalent mRNA vaccines. “With its stable lyophilised formulation and convenient intranasal administration, this single-cycle vaccine is well-suited for consumer-friendly and equitable global distribution”, the authors stated. “Ongoing studies aim further to elucidate the vaccine’s in vivo mode of action, while multivalent formulations are being developed to strengthen preparedness against future viral threats.”
- Lett MJ, et al. NPJ Vaccines. 2024;9(1):206.
- Schoen J, et al. Respiratory mucosal vaccines: a single cycle to protect them all. 6th ESCMID Vaccines, 10–13 September 2025, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Table of Contents: ESCMID Vaccines 2025
Featured articles
Real-world data confirm PCV20 effectiveness against pneumococcal disease in adults aged ≥65 years
Pneumococcal Vaccination
A quarter of US children have incomplete pneumococcal vaccination by age 2
V116 shows promise for adults at risk of pneumococcal disease
Real-world data confirm PCV20 effectiveness against pneumococcal disease in adults aged ≥65 years
The V116 pneumococcal vaccine is a new option in children at risk for pneumococcal disease
Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccination
Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccination provides effective, but rapidly waning protection in immunocompromised individuals
Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine shows promising results in preclinical mouse models
Influenza vaccine in children shows moderate, broad protection during the 2024-2025 season
Lower age is linked to reduced uptake of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination
RSV vaccination and Immunisation
Combination respiratory vaccines show promise but face key challenges
Adjuvanted RSVPreF3 demonstrates high real-world effectiveness in the USA
RSV immunisation: Maternal versus direct infant immunisation
European pregnant women show openness to maternal RSV vaccination
Infants immunised with nirsevimab have a lower risk of respiratory-related recurrent hospitalisation
Adjuvanted RSVPreF3 can be co-administered with a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in adults aged ≥50 years
Other Childhood and Routine Vaccinations
Pertussis vaccination: Could an intranasal vaccine help curb the rising cases of whooping cough?
Does the 2+1 vaccination schedule for Haemophilus influenzae type b increase case numbers?
Wastewater poliovirus detections in Europe may reflect seasonal infection patterns rather than consistent importation
Emerging and Future Vaccines
Where do we stand with vaccination for haemolytic streptococci?
The future looks promising for tuberculosis vaccination
Where do alternative vaccine administration routes fit in the clinical landscape?
Malaria immunisation beyond subunit vaccines: Current progress
SARI Definitions and Vaccine Effectiveness
Case definition discrepancies influence VE outcomes
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