Although memory CD8+ T cells are more predominant than CD4+ T cells in MS lesions and drive autoimmune inflammation, they have not yet been identified. The current study set out to identify a cell involved in MS with a specific phenotypic and functional pattern in the periphery subtype.
Single-cell, high-dimensional profiling of peripheral memory CD8+ T cells was combined with TCRβ sequencing in a cohort of 17 MS patients and 11 healthy controls. An effector memory CD8+ T cell subtype could be identified that was increased in MS patients. Interestingly, this subtype was preferentially found during relapse episodes and belongs to a reservoir of peripheral oligoclonal cells. RNA sequencing confirmed the expression of natural killer-related molecules and their high cytotoxic potential. These natural killer-like CD8+CD94+ T cells were found to infiltrate the CNS. They were present in MS lesions, particularly in chronic active lesions. Functional assays showed that natural killer-like CD8+CD94+ T cells exert a cytotoxic function against the K562 cell line. Since this line is devoid of MHC molecules, the observed cytotoxicity is independent of TCR involvement.
- Dugast E. High dimensional single-cell profiling identifies NK-like CD8+ T cells with high cytotoxic properties that are the reservoir of clonal cells related to disease activity in multiple sclerosis. OP133, ECTRIMS 2021 Virtual Congress, 13–15 October.
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Table of Contents: ECTRIMS 2021
Featured articles
Preliminary data shows positive results of ATA188 for progressive MS
COVID-19
MS patients at risk of hampered immune response after vaccination
Immunotherapy in MS does not influence COVID-19 severity and mortality
Anti-CD20 antibodies associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes
ECTRIMS-EAN consensus on vaccination in MS patients
Experimental Treatments
The role of astrocyte phenotypes in acute MS lesions
Promising results of intrathecal MSC-NTF cells in progressive MS
Preliminary data shows positive results of ATA188 for progressive MS
Evobrutinib reduces relapses and MRI lesion activity
Primary endpoint of opicinumab for relapsing MS not met in AFFINITY trial
Elezanumab did not outperform placebo in progressive and relapsing MS
Ibudilast reduced retinal atrophy in primary progressive MS
Treatment Trials and Strategies
ECTRIMS/EAN Clinical Guidelines on MS treatment: an update
Rituximab most effective initial MS therapy in Swedish real-world study
Ublituximab meets primary endpoint for relapsing MS
Dynamic scoring system aids decision to switch MS therapies early
Long-term suppression of MRI disease activity with ocrelizumab
Stopping DMT: when or if at all?
Biomarkers
Early predictors of disability progression in paediatric-onset MS
High-sensitive biomarker detection in MS via novel ELISA assay
Cortical lesions predict cognitive impairment 20 years after MS diagnosis
Applicability of sNfL measurement in clinical practice
MRI more sensitive for disease activity than relapses in SPMS
Imaging
Changes in GABA-receptor binding among cognitively impaired MS patients
T2 lesions independently predict early conversion to SPMS
Natural killer-like CD8+ T cells as a reservoir of clonal cells related to MS activity
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)
Eculizumab, satralizumab, or inebilizumab for NMOSD?
Long-term efficacy of satralizumab for NMOSD
Long-term efficacy data: inebilizumab for NMOSD
Progressive MS
Charcot Award 2021: Progressive MS, a personal perspective
Top score poster: Meta-analysis on the effect of DMTs
Cortical lesions predict disease progression and disability accumulation
Ocrelizumab shows long-term benefits in primary progressive MS
Other
WNT9B-gene variant associated with doubled relapse risk in MS
Melatonin associated with improved sleep quality in MS patients
“Expanded Disability Status Scale 0 is not normal”
Personality trait alterations in MS patients
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