There were 2 study groups: one on the CD Exclusion Diet (CDED) and partial enteral nutrition (PEN), the other one using Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN). In 178 samples from 70 participants, whole metagenome and 16S rDNA sequences were obtained at baseline, week 6, and week 12. For metagenome analysis, the groups were further divided into patients achieving intention-to-treat (ITT)-remission at week 6 (CDED+PEN: 31/38 and EEN: 23/32) and those who did not. At baseline, Proteobacteria were significantly higher in samples of active CD compared to healthy controls.
Dietary therapy decreased the relative abundance of genera from Proteobacteria towards those of healthy controls. CDED+PEN remission was associated with a significant increase in Clostridiales. Diet-induced remission (with either CDED+PEN or EEN) at week 6 was associated with a decrease in Proteobacteria: the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (e.g. Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Citrobacter) was significantly lower than at baseline, but still more outspoken in CD patients; Bacilli and Firmicutes remained more predominant in samples of healthy persons. The researchers noted that sustained dietary therapy beyond 6 weeks with CDED+PEN avoided ‘rebound’ in disease-associated species, notably Proteobacteria, when the oral diet was reintroduced. Continued CDED+PEN between week 6 and 12 was associated with a further decrease in Proteobacteria. Faecalibacterium became more abundant in CD by week 12, as did Blautia and Sutterella. Anaerostipes, Ruminococcus, Bacilli, Porphyromonadaceae, Bifidobacteriales, Ascomycota, and Caudovirales were more abundant in healthy samples than in the CDED+PEN group at week 12.
- Van Limbergen, et al. ECCO-IBD 2020, OP22.
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Table of Contents: ECCO 2020
Featured articles
Gut Microbiome as Treatment Target
Response to faecal microbiota transplantation in UC
Bioactives produced by gut bacteria to modulate immune response
Big Data Analysis
Multi-omics help describe CD phenotypes
The positive impact of genetic data on drug development
Experimental Therapies: Study Results
AMT-101: an oral human IL-10 fusion protein
Phase 2 results of first-in-class TL1A inhibitor
Open-label extension study of risankizumab: final results
Clinical remission after dose escalation of upadacitinib
Short- and Long-Term Treatment Results
Infliximab discontinuation increases relapse risk
Tofacitinib ‘real-world’ effectiveness in active UC
Subcutaneous ustekinumab as maintenance therapy in UC
Subcutaneous vedolizumab maintenance therapy in CD
Vedolizumab treatment persistence and safety
Specific Therapeutic Strategies
Impact of strategies on intestinal resection rate
Early ileocaecal resection in CD patients failing conventional treatment
Biologics before surgery in IBD do not elevate infection risk
Top-down infliximab superior to step-up in children with CD
High versus standard adalimumab in active UC
Head-to-Head Comparison of Treatments
Vedolizumab and anti-TNF therapies: a real-world comparison
Cancer Risk
Increased risk of small bowel cancer in IBD
Increased incidence of colorectal cancer and death in CD
Risk of rectal, anal cancer increased in perianal CD
Glyco-fingerprint as risk factor of UC-associated cancer
Miscellaneous Topics
Resolution of mucosal inflammation has dramatic effect
PICaSSO validated in real-life study
Re-inducing inflammation in organoids from UC patients
Role of immune cells in intestinal fibrosis
Association between meat consumption and IBD risk
CD exclusion diet corrects dysbiosis
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